Here the list of basic commands used in the Linux. which is useful for the Linux users.
1109720008
apropos
Search Help manual pages (man -k)
apt-get Search for and install software packages
(Debian/Ubuntu)
aptitude Search for and
install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
awk Find and Replace text, database
sort/validate/index
b
basename Strip
directory and suffix from filenames
bash
GNU Bourne-Again SHell
bc Arbitrary precision calculator language
bzip2 Compress or decompress named file(s)
c
case Conditionally perform a command
cat Concatenate and print (display) the
content of files
cfdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
chgrp Change group ownership
chmod Change access permissions
chown Change file owner and group
chroot Run a command with a different root
directory
cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts
clear
Clear terminal screen
comm Compare two sorted files line by line
command Run a command - ignoring shell functions •
continue Resume the
next iteration of a loop •
cp Copy one or more files to another
location
cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands
crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time
csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces
cut Divide a file into several parts
d
date Display or change the date & time
dd Convert and copy a file, write disk
headers, boot records
declare Declare variables and give them attributes •
df Display free disk space
diff Display the differences between two files
diff3 Show differences among three files
dir Briefly list directory contents
dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path
dirs Display list of remembered directories
dmesg Print kernel & driver messages
du Estimate file space usage
e
echo Display message on screen •
egrep Search file(s) for lines that match an
extended expression
eject Eject removable media
enable Enable and disable builtin shell commands •
env Environment variables
ethtool
Ethernet card settings
eval Evaluate several commands/arguments
expect Automate arbitrary applications accessed
over a terminal
export Set an environment variable
expr Evaluate expressions
f
false Do nothing, unsuccessfully
fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux
fg Send job to foreground
fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed
string
file
Determine file type
find Search for files that meet a desired
criteria
fmt Reformat paragraph text
fold Wrap text to fit a specified width.
for Expand words, and execute commands
format
Format disks or tapes
free
Display memory usage
fsck File system consistency check and repair
ftp
File Transfer Protocol
fuser Identify/kill the process that is accessing
a file
g
gawk Find and Replace text within file(s)
getopts Parse positional parameters
grep Search file(s) for lines that match a
given pattern
groups Print group names a user is in
gzip Compress or decompress named file(s)
h
hash Remember the full pathname of a name
argument
head Output the first part of file(s)
help
Display help for a built-in command •
i
iconv Convert the character set of a file
id Print user and group id's
if Conditionally perform a command
ifdown Stop a network interface
ifup Start a network interface up
import Capture an X server screen and save the
image to file
install Copy files and set attributes
j
join Join lines on a common field
k
kill Stop a process from running
l
less Display output one screen at a time
let Perform arithmetic on shell variables •
ln Make links between files
look Display lines beginning with a given
string
lpc Line
printer control program
lprint
Print a file
lprintd
Abort a print job
lprintq
List the print queue
lprm Remove jobs from the print queue
ls List information about file(s)
m
make
Recompile a group of programs
mkdir Create new folder(s)
mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkisofs
Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem
mknod Make block or character special files
more Display output one screen at a time
mount Mount a file system
mtools Manipulate MS-DOS files
mtr Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping)
mv Move or rename files or directories
mmv Mass Move and rename (files)
n
netstat
Networking information
nice Set the priority of a command or job
nl Number lines and write files
nohup Run a command immune to hangups
nslookup Query Internet
name servers interactively
o
open Open a file in its default application
p
paste Merge lines of files
pathchk
Check file name portability
ping Test a network connection
pkill Stop processes from running
popd Restore the previous value of the current
directory
pr Prepare files for printing
printcap Printer capability database
printenv Print environment variables
printf Format and print data •
pushd Save and then change the current directory
pwd Print Working Directory
q
quota Display disk usage and limits
r
rcp Copy files between two machines
read Read a line from standard input •
readarray Read from stdin into an array
variable •
readonly Mark
variables/functions as readonly
reboot
Reboot the system
renice
Alter priority of running processes
remsync
Synchronize remote files via email
rev Reverse lines of a file
rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)
s
screen Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via
ssh
scp Secure copy (remote file copy)
sdiff Merge two files interactively
seq Print numeric sequences
set Manipulate shell variables and functions
sftp
Secure File Transfer Program
shift Shift positional parameters
sleep Delay for a specified time
source Run commands from a file `.'
split Split a file into fixed-size pieces
ssh Secure Shell client (remote login
program)
strace
Trace system calls and signals
su Substitute user identity
sudo Execute a command as another user
sum Print a checksum for a file
suspend Suspend execution of this shell •
sync Synchronize data on disk with memory
t
tail Output the last part of file
tee Redirect output to multiple files
test Evaluate a conditional expression
time Measure Program running time
times User and system times
touch Change file timestamps
top List processes running on the system
trap
Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)
tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete
characters
true Do nothing, successfully
tty Print filename of terminal on stdin
type Describe a command •
u
umask Users file creation mask
umount
Unmount a device
uname Print
system information
units Convert units from one scale to another
unset Remove variable or function names
unshar Unpack shell archive scripts
until Execute commands (until error)
uptime
Show uptime
users List users currently logged in
uudecode Decode a file
created by uuencode
v
v
Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
vdir
Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
vmstat Report virtual memory statistics
w
wait Wait for a process to complete •
watch Execute/display a program periodically
wc Print byte, word, and line counts
whereis Search the user's $path, man pages and source
files for a program
which Search the user's $path for a program file
who Print all usernames currently logged in
whoami Print the current user id and name (`id
-un')
wget
Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
write Send a message to another user
x
xargs Execute utility, passing constructed
argument list(s)
xdg-open Open a file or
URL in the user's preferred application.
yes Print a string until interrupted
. Run a command script in the current
shell
!! Run the last command again
An A-Z Index of the Windows CMD command line
ADDUSERS Add or list
users to/from a CSV file
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
ASSOC Change file extension associations•
b
BCDBOOT Create or repair a system partition
BITSADMIN Background
Intelligent Transfer Service
BROWSTAT Get domain,
browser and PDC info
c
CACLS Change file permissions
CALL Call one batch program from another•
CD Change Directory - move to a specific
Folder•
CHANGE Change Terminal Server Session properties
CHKDSK Check Disk - check and repair disk problems
CHOICE Accept keyboard input to a batch file
CIPHER Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders
CleanMgr Automated
cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin
CLEARMEM Clear memory leaks
CLIP Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard
CLS
Clear the screen•
CLUSTER
Windows Clustering
CMD Start a new CMD shell
CMDKEY Manage stored usernames/passwords
COLOR Change colors of the CMD window•
COMP Compare the contents of two files or sets
of files
COMPACT
Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition
COMPRESS Compress individual files on an
NTFS partition
CON2PRT Connect or disconnect a Printer
CONVERT
Convert a FAT drive to NTFS
COPY Copy one or more files to another
location•
CSCcmd Client-side caching (Offline Files)
CSVDE Import or Export Active Directory data
d
DATE Display or set the date•
DEL Delete one or more files•
DELTREE Delete a folder and all subfolders
DevCon Device
Manager Command Line Utility
DIR Display a list of files and folders•
DNSSTAT
DNS Statistics
DOSKEY Edit command line, recall commands, and
create macros
DSMove Move an Active directory Object
DSRM Remove items from Active Directory
e
ECHO Display message on screen•
ENDLOCAL End
localisation of environment changes in a batch file•
ERASE Delete one or more files•
EXIT Quit the current script/routine and set an
errorlevel•
f
FIND Search for a text string in a file
FINDSTR Search for strings in files
FOR /F Loop command: against a set of files•
FOR /F Loop command: against the results of another
command•
FOR Loop command: all options Files,
Directory, List•
FREEDISK Check free disk space (in bytes)
FSUTIL File and Volume utilities
FTP File Transfer Protocol
FTYPE File extension file type associations•
g
GETMAC Display the Media Access Control (MAC)
address
GLOBAL Display membership of global groups
GOTO Direct a batch program to jump to a
labelled line•
GPRESULT Display
Resultant Set of Policy information
h
i
iCACLS Change
file and folder permissions
IF Conditionally perform a command•
IFMEMBER Is the current
user a member of a Workgroup
k
KILL Remove a program from memory
l
LOCAL Display membership of local groups
LOGMAN Manage Performance Monitor
LOGTIME Log the date and time in a file
m
MAPISEND Send email
from the command line
MKLINK Create a symbolic link (linkd)
MODE Configure a system device
MORE Display output, one screen at a time
MOVE Move files from one folder to another•
MOVEUSER Move a user
from one domain to another
MSIEXEC Microsoft Windows Installer
MSTSC Terminal Server Connection (Remote Desktop
Protocol)
n
NET Manage network resources
NETSH Configure Network Interfaces, Windows
Firewall & Remote access
NETSVC Command-line Service Controller
NBTSTAT Display networking statistics (NetBIOS over
TCP/IP)
NETSTAT Display networking statistics (TCP/IP)
NOW Display the current Date and Time
o
p
PATH Display or set a search path for
executable files•
PATHPING Trace route
plus network latency and packet loss
PAUSE Suspend processing of a batch file and
display a message•
PERMS Show permissions for a user
PING Test a network connection
POPD Return to a previous directory saved by
PUSHD•
PORTQRY Display the status of ports and services
PRNCNFG Display, configure or rename a printer
PRNMNGR Add, delete, list printers set the default
printer
PROMPT Change the command prompt•
PsExec Execute process remotely
PsFile Show files opened remotely
PsGetSid Display the SID of a computer or a user
PsInfo List information about a system
PsKill Kill processes by name or process ID
PsList List detailed information about processes
PsLoggedOn Who's logged
on (locally or via resource sharing)
PUSHD Save and then change the current directory•
q
QGREP Search file(s) for lines that match a given
pattern
Query User Display user sessions (TS/Remote
Desktop)
r
RECOVER Recover a damaged file from a defective disk
REG Registry: Read, Set, Export, Delete keys
and values
REGEDIT Import or export registry settings
REGINI Change Registry Permissions
REM Record comments (remarks) in a batch
file•
REN Rename a file or files•
REPLACE Replace or update one file with another
ROUTE Manipulate network routing tables
RUNAS Execute a program under a different user
account
RUNDLL32 Run a DLL
command (add/remove print connections)
s
SCHTASKS Schedule a
command to run at a specific time
SET Display, set, or remove session
environment variables•
SETLOCAL Control the
visibility of environment variables•
SETX Set environment variables
SHARE List or edit a file share or print share
ShellRunAs Run a command
under a different user account
SHIFT Shift the position of batch file
parameters•
SHORTCUT Create a
windows shortcut (.LNK file)
SHOWGRPS List the
Workgroups a user has joined
SHOWMBRS List the Users
who are members of a Workgroup
SLMGR Software Licensing Management (Vista/2008)
SOON Schedule a command to run in the near
future
START Start a program, command or batch file•
SUBINACL Edit file and
folder Permissions, Ownership and Domain
SUBST Associate a path with a drive letter
t
TASKLIST List running
applications and services
TASKKILL Remove a
running process from memory
TIME Display or set the system time•
TIMEOUT Delay processing of a batch file
TITLE Set the window title for a CMD.EXE session•
TLIST Task list with full path
TOUCH Change file timestamps
TRACERT Trace route to a remote host
TREE
Graphical display of folder structure
TSSHUTDN Remotely shut
down or reboot a terminal server
TYPE Display the contents of a text file•
TypePerf Write
performance data to a log file
u
USRSTAT
List domain usernames and last login
v
VER Display version information•
VERIFY Verify that files have been saved•
VOL Display a disk label•
w
WHERE Locate and display files in a directory
tree
WHOAMI Output the current UserName and domain
WINDIFF Compare the contents of two files or sets of
files
WINRM Windows Remote Management
WINRS Windows Remote Shell
x
XCACLS Change file and folder permissions
XCOPY Copy files and folders
for any assistant in Linux please write here in comment..
4258185321
Pnkjrn9@gmail.com
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